Last updated on Jan 15, 2024
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What are transaction costs?
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How do transaction costs impact your trading performance?
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How do transaction costs vary depending on your trading style?
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How do transaction costs vary depending on your trading platform and broker?
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How can you minimize transaction costs to improve your trading results?
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Here’s what else to consider
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If you are a trader who uses technical analysis, you know how important it is to find profitable entry and exit points based on price patterns, indicators, and signals. But have you considered how transaction costs affect your trading performance? Transaction costs are the fees and commissions that you pay to execute your trades, and they can eat into your profits or increase your losses. In this article, we will explain what transaction costs are, how they vary depending on your trading style, platform, and broker, and how you can minimize them to improve your trading results.
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- Dhanush Shankar Product | UX • Tech • Business
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- Arash Saraee, MSEM Financial Data Analyst
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- Ashar Saleem, CFA Senior Fund Manager | CFA | MBA | Portfolio Management | Public Markets | Private Equity | Venture Capital | Real Estate
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1 What are transaction costs?
Transaction costs are the expenses that you incur when you buy or sell a financial instrument, such as stocks, currencies, futures, or options. They include brokerage commissions, exchange fees, regulatory fees, bid-ask spreads, slippage, and taxes. Transaction costs can be fixed or variable, depending on the size and frequency of your trades, the type of instrument, the market conditions, and the broker's policies. For example, some brokers charge a flat fee per trade, while others charge a percentage of the trade value or a combination of both.
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- Dhanush Shankar Product | UX • Tech • Business
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Transaction costs are the expenses incurred when buying or selling financial instruments, such as stocks, bonds, or currencies. These costs go beyond the actual price of the asset and include brokerage fees, commissions, spreads, and other charges associated with executing a trade. Transaction costs are a crucial aspect to consider in trading, as they can significantly affect overall profitability.Suppose you decide to buy 100 shares of a stock priced at $50 per share. If your broker charges a $5 commission per trade, the total transaction cost for buying the shares would be $50 (stock price) * 100 (shares) + $5 (commission) = $5055.
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- Arash Saraee, MSEM Financial Data Analyst
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The approach to transaction costs depends on the trading system you are using. If you use macroeconomics or fundamentals like me to generate your mid or long-term trade ideas as a value investor, you may not need to worry about transaction costs. However, if you are a day trader or even a scalper, you will need to consider transaction costs as a barrier to overcome and a feature to include in your trading strategy design.
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- Yemmie Olaleye (CMSA®,FMVA®,FTIP™) ✪ 🎖️ 154x LinkedIn Top Voice💡 🔸 Financial Market Analyst/Educator🔸 Executive Coach🔸Futurist🔸Thought Leader🔸FPWM™🔸BIDA®🔸CBCA®🔸PMEC🔸BMEC🔸ESGP🔸 Fellow @ African Leadership Group
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Transaction costs are fee that must be paid in the financial market when buying or selling any of the financial securities.For example when you open a position on EUR/USD currency pair, the first transaction cost to be paid would be spread (the difference between bid and ask price) that would be deducted from your profit or added to your loss at the end of the trade.Withdrawal charges through exchange fee and processing fee, are not out of context here as well taxes.It is good to add that the transaction costs of brokers vary across the globe. A TA should find and research for the most convenient one for him to deal with.
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- Lakhan Thanki Digitizing Gold | Index Derivatives Analyst/Trader.
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Transaction costs are the charges a trader must pay while buying/selling stocks, derivatives, contracts, etc for using the broker's platform.For eg: You buy a stock worth 1000.You have to pay 1000+ transaction charges.You sell it for 1010.You have to pay 1010+ transaction charges.Transaction charges mainly include:1. Broker charges2. Exchange charges3. taxes4. Stamp duties and many more.
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2 How do transaction costs impact your trading performance?
Transaction costs impact your trading performance by reducing your net profit or increasing your net loss. The higher the transaction costs, the lower the return on your investment. For example, if you buy a stock for $100 and sell it for $105, your gross profit is $5. But if you pay $2 in transaction costs for each trade, your net profit is only $1. That means your transaction costs are 40% of your gross profit, which is very high. On the other hand, if you buy a stock for $100 and sell it for $95, your gross loss is $5. But if you pay $2 in transaction costs for each trade, your net loss is $9. That means your transaction costs increase your loss by 80%, which is very damaging.
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For me, transaction costs act as subtle detractors, quietly chipping away at the gains I work hard to achieve in trading. Navigating the financial markets means not just anticipating market moves but also strategically managing these costs. High fees and spreads can swiftly diminish profits, making every decision a delicate balance between opportunity and cost. To optimize my trading performance, I've learned that a meticulous approach to minimizing transaction costs is as crucial as predicting market trends.
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- Lakhan Thanki Digitizing Gold | Index Derivatives Analyst/Trader.
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Let me give an example.A trader buys a stock with 1000 and sells it for 1100.While buying, he paid 30 extra as a transaction charge and while selling too he paid 30 extra as a transaction charge.This means his profit is not 100, it's 40 as 60 he paid as transaction charges.Sometimes if a trader overtrades and closes a day in green, he might be at a loss because the transaction charges become more than the profit.
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3 How do transaction costs vary depending on your trading style?
Transaction costs vary depending on your trading style, which refers to how long you hold your positions and how often you trade. Generally, the shorter the holding period and the higher the trading frequency, the higher the transaction costs. For example, scalpers and day traders who open and close many trades within a day or even within minutes or seconds pay more transaction costs than swing traders or position traders who hold their trades for days, weeks, or months. Therefore, scalpers and day traders need to have a higher win rate and a larger risk-reward ratio to overcome their transaction costs and make a profit.
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- Lakhan Thanki Digitizing Gold | Index Derivatives Analyst/Trader.
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All types of buying/selling have different transaction costs:Be it equity, futures, options, etc anything.Most of the brokers and exchanges charge the transaction costs on a percentage basis.For example:A broker charges 20 bucks for 1 stock. He charges 40 for 10 stocks.Another broker may charge only when a trader gets his profit.Some brokers may not charge anything for the first 3 months.There can be more ways to adjust our trades taking into consideration the transaction charges.
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In swing trading, transaction costs play a nuanced role. Holding positions for days or weeks allows for a bit more breathing room, yet these costs remain a silent erosion on profits. It's a game of optimizing entry and exit points to minimize their impact, emphasizing the importance of strategic timing in my trading style.
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4 How do transaction costs vary depending on your trading platform and broker?
Transaction costs also vary depending on your trading platform and broker, which provide you with the tools and services to execute your trades. Different platforms and brokers have different pricing models, features, and quality of execution. For example, some platforms and brokers offer zero-commission trading, but they may compensate by widening the bid-ask spread or routing your orders to less favorable market makers. Some platforms and brokers offer advanced charting, indicators, and signals, but they may charge higher fees or require a minimum account balance. Some platforms and brokers offer fast and reliable execution, but they may have higher slippage or latency. Therefore, you need to compare and evaluate the transaction costs and the benefits of different platforms and brokers before choosing the one that suits your trading style and goals.
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In my experience, transaction costs can significantly vary based on the trading platform and broker I choose. Opting for a platform with low fees has been crucial in preserving my returns. The broker's fee structure, including commissions and spreads, directly impacts transaction costs. Personally, I've found that brokers offering transparent and competitive pricing models align better with my trading style, helping me keep transaction costs at a minimum. Regularly reassessing and comparing different platforms ensures I stay with options that best suit my financial goals, ultimately influencing the overall success of my trades.
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- Zach Schwager 2X Market Wizards contributing Author 🧙♂️ | ex: Wall Street 🏦 | Proud Dad 👨👧
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Yes!!Once you have a trading strategy in place. It is on you to make sure you are keeping your costs to a minimum, otherwise you risk a strategy obtaining weaker than available profits.- Always be shopping around for the lowest cost provider, while also taking slippage into account. You may save per trade... but is the provider giving you the best liquidity and fills.- Anytime you are trading more size that before, shop around again. Your two strengths to a brokerage firm are: 1) Assets under management 2) Trade volume.
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5 How can you minimize transaction costs to improve your trading results?
Transaction costs are unavoidable, but there are ways to reduce them and improve your trading results. Start by selecting a trading style that matches your personality, skills, and risk tolerance. Avoid overtrading or undertrading, and trade when you have a favorable risk-reward ratio. Additionally, it's essential to find a trading platform and broker that offer competitive pricing, quality execution, and useful features. Be aware of hidden costs such as spreads, slippage, and order routing. Don't pay for features you don't need or use. Optimize your trading strategy to avoid emotional trading. Utilize a trading plan, journal, and simulator to refine and improve your strategy. It's also advisable to use stop-loss orders, limit orders, and trailing stops to control your risk and lock in profits. Technical analysis tools like trend lines, support and resistance levels, and chart patterns can help identify optimal entry and exit points. By understanding transaction costs and how you can minimize them, you can enhance your trading results and reach your goals.
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- Ashar Saleem, CFA Senior Fund Manager | CFA | MBA | Portfolio Management | Public Markets | Private Equity | Venture Capital | Real Estate
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A fund manager must regularly assess a sample of trades to assess the profitability of each trade. This will help the fund manager assess how often he/she executes a transaction with profits not enough to cover the trading costs. Furthermore, the fund manager must analyze historical expense ratio trends along with peer group analysis to see how does it position itself compared to other portfolios with similar strategies.
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- Lakhan Thanki Digitizing Gold | Index Derivatives Analyst/Trader.
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Trade less, but quality!No secret recipe!There is no need to trade more to become profitable.More trades, more costs!More trades, Over trading!
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- Zach Schwager 2X Market Wizards contributing Author 🧙♂️ | ex: Wall Street 🏦 | Proud Dad 👨👧
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Overtrading is one of the most common mistakes I see.You can find the lowest cost brokerage, with the tightest fills on the street, but none of that will save you from constantly getting stopped out of trades.- Not only are you taking a loss each time you are stopped out. You are also paying the cost of that transaction.1 trade that makes $100 dollars is greater than 10 trades that make $100 dollars (assuming transaction costs and equal risk)How lean can you get?
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6 Here’s what else to consider
This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?
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